Native Hawaiian Health Status

Native Hawaiian Health Status Report (hardcopy edition updated March 2021)(online interactive edition not updated) Introduction and Background Procedures and Methodology

Healthy Beginnings (Hānau)

Data Year	Health Measure	Native Hawaiian	State of Hawai‘i	Trend Table	Trend Graph
Maternal Characteristics
2013 VS	15.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women received initial prenatal care later than the first trimester or not at all	15.5%	14.1%
2013 VS	84.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women received initial prenatal care during their first trimester	84.5%	85.9%
2011 PRAMS	83.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women received prenatal care as early as they wanted	83.5%	84.7%
2014 PRAMS	62.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women received early and adequate prenatal care	62.5%	65.5%
2015 VS	2.2 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers were under 18 years of age	2.2%	1.0%
2014 PRAMS	30.6 percent of Native Hawaiian women were obese (BMI>=30) during pregnancy	30.6%	18.1%
2014 PRAMS	29.4 percent of Native Hawaiian women gained recommended amount of weight during pregnancy	29.4%	27.4%
2014 PRAMS	NR percent of Native Hawaiian women reported having diabetes	Not Reportable	3.6%
2014 PRAMS	9.0 percent of Native Hawaiian women had gestational diabetes	9.0%	13.7%
2014 PRAMS	5.4 percent of Native Hawaiian women had high blood pressure before pregnancy	5.4%	4.2%
2014 PRAMS	47.3 percent of Native Hawaiian women experienced 2 or more stressors during pregnancy	47.3%	38.6%
2014 PRAMS	NR percent of Native Hawaiian women experienced physical abuse by husband or partner during the 12 months before pregnancy	Not Reportable	2.0%
2014 PRAMS	NR percent of Native Hawaiian women experienced physical abuse by husband or partner during pregnancy	Not Reportable	Not Reportable
2014 PRAMS	25.2 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported that they smoked three months before pregnancy	25.2%	13.7%
2014 PRAMS	9.6 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported that they smoked during the last three months of pregnancy	9.6%	4.5%
2014 PRAMS	16.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported that they smoked in the postpartum period (3-6 months after birth)	16.5%	7.5%
2014 PRAMS	49.2 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported drinking alcohol in the 3 months before pregnancy	49.2%	49.4%
2014 PRAMS	21.4 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported binge drinking 3 months before pregnancy (having four or more drinks on one occasion)	21.4%	16.6%
2014 PRAMS	7.7 percent of Native Hawaiian women drank alcohol during the last three months of pregnancy	7.7%	8.5%
2014 PRAMS	6.6 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported illicit drug use 1 month before pregnancy	6.6%	5.3%
2011 PRAMS	5.3 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported illicit drug use during pregnancy	5.3%	3.4%
2011 PRAMS	15.9 percent of Native Hawaiian women had unwanted pregnancies	15.9%	11.7%
2014 PRAMS	13.0 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported postpartum depression	13.0%	11.0%
2008 PRAMS	11.2 percent of Native Hawaiian women reported maternal morbidities requiring more than one night in the hospital	11.2%	9.3%
Birth Outcomes
2012 VS	Native Hawaiian live births to pregnancy ratio (1 live birth per 1.09 pregnancies)	1:1.09 (birth: pregnancy)	1:1.18 (birth: pregnancy)
2015 VS	35.7 percent of all infants born in the State of Hawai‘i were Native Hawaiian	35.7% (Native Hawaiian)	64.3% (Non-Hawaiian)
2014 PRAMS	7.8 percent of Native Hawaiian infants were placed in the intensive care unit (ICU) after birth	7.8%	9.8%
2015 VS	91.2 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers with infants born with a normal birth weight + (5 pounds, 9 ounces +)	91.2%	91.7%
2015 VS	8.8 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers with infants born with a low birth weight (less than 5 pounds, 9 ounces)	8.8%	8.4%
2015 VS	1.8 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers with infants born with a very low birth weight (less than 3 pounds, 5 ounces)	1.8%	1.4%
2015 VS	2.7 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers with infants born very early preterm (under 32 weeks gestation)	2.7%	2.4%
2015 VS	1.1 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers with infants born early preterm (32-33 weeks gestation)	1.1%	1.3%
2015 VS	6.2 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers with infants born late preterm (34-36 weeks gestation)	6.2%	6.0%
2015 VS	11.4 percent of Native Hawaiian mothers with infants born preterm (before 37 weeks gestation)	11.4%	10.1%
Infant Beginnings
2011 PRAMS	NR percent of Native Hawaiian babies received 1-week postnatal check ups	Not Reportable	94.6%
2014 NIS	69.1 percent of 19 to 35 month infants received a full schedule of age appropriate immunizations against Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Poliovirus, Measles, Mumps, Rubella, Haemophilus influenza type b, Hepatitis B, and Varicella (chicken pox) (4:3:1:3:3:1 series)	No Data	69.1%
2014 PRAMS	69.9 percent of Native Hawaiian infants were breastfed for 9 or more weeks	69.9%	80.0%
2014 PRAMS	71.0 percent of Native Hawaiian infants sleeping on their backs	71.0%	78.6%
Infant Mortality
2015 VS	Resident Native Hawaiian infant mortality rate (aged <365 days) (7.0 infant deaths per 1,000 live births)	7.0	5.7
2015 VS	Resident Native Hawaiian neonatal mortality rate (less than 28 days) (4.0 infant deaths per 1,000 live births)	4.0	3.6
2015 VS	Resident Native Hawaiian postneonatal mortality rate (aged 28 to 364 days) (3.1 postneonatal deaths per 1,000 live births)	3.1	2.1
2012 VS	Resident Native Hawaiian fetal mortality rate (17.0 fetal deaths per 1,000 live births)	17.0	31.6
2012 VS	Resident Native Hawaiian abortion rate (78.8 abortions per 1,000 live births)	78.8	147.1
Social Determinants of Health
2015 VS	37.5 percent of resident mothers in Hawai‘i were not married at the time they delivered	No Data	37.5%
2015 VS	26.2 percent of resident Native Hawaiian mothers had less than a high school education	26.2%	17.5%
2011 PRAMS	57.1 percent of Native Hawaiian women received medical insurance through Medicaid/QUEST for their delivery	57.1%	36.8%
2014 PRAMS	55.9 percent of Native Hawaiian women received medical insurance through Medicaid/QUEST for their prenatal care	55.9%	35.1%
2014 PRAMS	58.8 percent of Native Hawaiian women participated in WIC during pregnancy	58.8%	38.9%

Healthy Children (Keiki)

Data Year	Health Measure	Native Hawaiian	State of Hawai‘i	Trend Table	Trend Graph
Reported Keiki Health Conditions
2005 YRBS	18.0 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school children reported being overweight (>=85 percentile and <95 percentile BMI for age and sex)	18.0%	13.7%
2005 YRBS	13.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school children reported being obese (>=95 BMI for age and sex)	13.2%	12.4%
2005 YRBS	31.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school children reported being overweight or obese (>85 percentile BMI for age and sex)	31.2%	26.2%
2009 YRBS	34.8 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have ever had asthma	34.8%	26.3%
2009 YRBS	21.1 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school children currently have asthma	21.1%	14.7%
2012 HHS	20.0 percent of Native Hawaiian children 0 to 14 years of age reported having asthma	35.8%	22.0%
2014 BRFSS	29.7 percent of Native Hawaiian adults told that their child had asthma	29.7%	25.3%
Modifiable Keiki Risk Behaviors
2015 YRBS	30.6 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school children were physically active for a total of 60 minutes or more per day on all of the past 7 days	30.6%	27.4%
2015 YRBS	15.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students do not have breakfast any day of the week	15.7%	12.6%
2015 YTS	7.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have used any form of tobacco in the past 30 days	7.2%	6.1%
2015 YTS	11.5 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students first tried cigarette smoking before age 13	11.5%	9.2%
2015 YRBS	7.4 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students engaged in binge drinking within the past 30 days	7.4%	5.3%
2015 YRBS	34.8 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have ever drank alcohol	34.8%	24.0%
2015 YRBS	26.8 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students had their first drink before age 13	26.8%	18.7%
2015 YRBS	14.3 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have consumed alcohol within the past 30 days	14.3%	10.4%
2015 YRBS	2.9 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have ever used some form of cocaine, including powder, crack, or freebase	2.9%	3.2%
2015 YRBS	2.1 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have ever used ecstasy (also called MDMA)	2.1%	1.7%
2015 YRBS	6.4 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have ever sniffed glue, breathed the contents of aerosol spray cans, or inhaled some paints or sprays to get high	6.4%	6.5%
2015 YRBS	2.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have used methamphetamines (also called speed, crystal, crank, or ice) one or more times during their life	2.7%	2.7%
2015 YRBS	6.8 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have taken a prescription drug such as OxyContin, Vicodin, tranquilizers, Valium, Xanax, or Ritalin without a doctor‘s prescription one or more times during their life	6.8%	4.6%
2015 YRBS	80.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have never used any illicit drugs (marijuana, crack, other forms of cocaine, heroin, or use of other opiates, stimulants, barbiturates, or tranquilizers not under a doctor‘s orders)	80.7%	84.7%
2015 YRBS	20.6 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students have consumed alcohol or marijuana within the past 30 days	20.6%	14.8%
2015 YRBS	14.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students ever tried to kill themselves	14.2%	12.5%
2015 YRBS	18.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students ever made a plan about how they would kill themselves	18.2%	17.5%
2015 YRBS	27.1 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students ever seriously thought about killing themselves	27.1%	24.8%
Keiki Mortality
2015 VS	41.5 percent of deaths of resident children 0-4 years of age were Native Hawaiian	49 deaths	118 deaths
Social Determinants of Health
2016 ACS	15.5 percent of Native Hawaiian families with related children under 5 years live in poverty	15.5%	9.0%
2016 ACS	21.0 percent of Native Hawaiian families with female householder, no husband present with related children under 5 years only live in poverty	21.0%	15.4%
2015 DHS	48.3 percent of those in foster care were Native Hawaiian	48.3% (Native Hawaiian)	51.7% (Non-Hawaiian)
2015 CAN	45.9 percent of victims of child abuse and neglect were Native Hawaiian	45.9% (Native Hawaiian)	54.1% (Non-Hawaiian)
2015 YTS	18.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students receive no spending money per week	18.2%	19.3%
2016 ACS	8.9 percent of Native Hawaiians are enrolled in nursery school, preschool	8.9%	7.1%
2016 ACS	5.9 percent of Native Hawaiians are enrolled in kindergarten	5.9%	4.9%
2016 ACS	43.8 percent of Native Hawaiians are enrolled in elementary school (grades 1-8)	43.8%	38.8%
2013 YRBS	62.0 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students would describe their grades in school in the past 12 months as mostly A’s and B’s	62.0%	65.8%
2009 YRBS	54.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students reported that they will definitely complete high school	54.2%	59.3%
2009 YRBS	27.1 percent of Native Hawaiian public middle school students reported that they will definitely complete a post high school program such as a vocational training program, military service, community college or 4-year college	27.1%	29.4%

Healthy Adolescents (‘Ōpio)

Data Year	Health Measure	Native Hawaiian	State of Hawai‘i	Trend Table	Trend Graph
Reported ‘Ōpio Health Conditions
2015 YRBS	33.5 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students are overweight or obese (>=85 percentile BMI for age and sex)	33.5%	28.3%
2015 YRBS	16.3 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students are obese (>=95 percentile BMI for age and sex)	16.3%	12.9%
2015 YRBS	17.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students are overweight (>=85 percentile and <95 percentile BMI for age and sex)	17.2%	15.3%
2015 YRBS	15.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students currently have asthma	15.7%	13.1%
2015 YRBS	37.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have ever had asthma	37.7%	31.3%
2012 HHS	18.1 percent of Native Hawaiian adolescents 15-17 years of age reported having asthma	18.1%	14.1%
2016 ACS	2.5 percent of Native Hawaiian civilian noninstitutionalized population under 18 years reported a disability	2.5%	2.7%
Modifiable ‘Ōpio Risk Behaviors
2014 NIS	88.6 percent of adolescents ages 13-17 received vaccination coverage >= 2 doses of MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine	No Data	88.6%
2015 YRBS	31.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students ever felt so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a row that they stopped doing some usual activities during the past 12 months	31.2%	29.5%
2015 YRBS	14.1 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students tried to kill themselves during the past 12 months	14.1%	10.5%
2015 YRBS	19.6 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students seriously considered attempting suicide during the past 12 months	19.6%	16.0%
2015 YRBS	16.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students made a plan about how they would kill themselves during the past 12 months	16.7%	15.6%
2015 YRBS	5.0 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students whose suicide attempt resulted in an injury, poisoning, or overdose that had to be treated by a doctor or nurse during the past 12 months	5.0%	3.4%
2015 YRBS	27.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students did something to purposely hurt themselves without wanting to die (such as cutting or burning themselves on purpose one or more times) during the 12 months before the survey	27.7%	23.0%
2015 YRBS	26.3 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students were physically active for a total of 60 minutes or more per day on all of the past seven days	26.3%	20.3%
2015 YRBS	19.4 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students ate fruits and vegetables five or more times per day during the past seven days	19.4%	18.7%
2015 YRBS	27.4 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have breakfast every day of the week	27.4%	36.0%
2015 YRBS	7.3 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students most of the time or always went hungry because there was not enough food in their home (during the 30 days before the survey)	7.3%	7.9%
2015 YTS	19.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have used any form of tobacco in the past 30 days	19.2%	11.0%
2015 YTS	14.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students first tried cigarette smoking before age 13	14.2%	9.0%
2015 YRBS	19.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students engaged in binge drinking within the past 30 days	19.2%	13.4%
2015 YRBS	59.4 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have ever drank alcohol	59.4%	49.4%
2015 YRBS	26.0 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students had their first drink before age 13	26.0%	16.9%
2015 YRBS	30.1 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have consumed alcohol within the past 30 days	30.1%	25.1%
2015 YRBS	7.8 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have ever used cocaine	7.8%	5.7%
2015 YRBS	8.5 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have ever used ecstasy	8.5%	8.0%
2015 YRBS	10.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have ever used inhalants to get high	10.2%	8.0%
2015 YRBS	4.9 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have ever used methamphetamines	4.9%	3.8%
2015 YRBS	14.8 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have taken a prescription drug such as OxyContin, Vicodin, tranquilizers, Valium, Xanax, or Ritalin without a doctor‘s prescription one or more times during their life	14.8%	12.3%
2015 YRBS	7.8 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have ever used hallucinogenic drugs, such as LSD, acid, PCP, angel dust, mescaline, or mushrooms	7.8%	8.1%
2015 YRBS	60.3 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have never used any illicit drugs (marijuana, crack, other forms of cocaine, heroin, or use of other opiates, stimulants, barbiturates, or tranquilizers not under a doctor‘s orders)	60.3%	73.1%
2015 YRBS	40.0 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students have consumed alcohol or marijuana within the past 30 days	40.0%	31.9%
2015 YRBS	31.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public public high school students had sexual intercourse with one or more people during the past three months	31.2%	22.3%
2015 YRBS	48.4 percent of Native Hawaiian public public high school students responded that they or their partner used condoms the last time they had sexual intercourse, among students who had sexual intercourse during the past 3 months	48.4%	51.7%
2015 YRBS	55.1 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students used birth control pills, condoms, Depo-provera, Nuva Ring, Implanon, or any IUD, to prevent pregnancy, among students who had sexual intercourse during the past 3 months	55.1%	64.5%
2015 YRBS	5.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13	5.2%	3.5%
‘Ōpio Mortality
2015 VS	48.6 percent of deaths of resident adolescents 15-19 year of age were Native Hawaiian	17 deaths	35 deaths
Social Determinants of Health
2016 ACS	34.1 percent of Native Hawaiian children under 18 years live in family households	34.1%	25.4%
2016 ACS	20.2 percent of Native Hawaiian children under 18 years live in a married-couple family households	20.2%	18.8%
2016 ACS	8.9 percent of Native Hawaiian children under 18 years live in household headed by a female householder, no husband present	8.9%	4.4%
2016 ACS	12.3 percent of Native Hawaiian families with related children under 18 years live in poverty	12.3%	8.8%
2016 ACS	31.7 percent of Native Hawaiian families with female householder, no husband present with related children under 18 years live in poverty	31.7%	23.9%
2009 YRBS	61.2 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students reported that they will definitely complete high school	61.2%	72.3%
2015 YRBS	36.7 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students reported that they will definitely complete a post high school program such as a vocational training program, military service, community college, or 4-year college	36.7%	46.3%
2015 YRBS	56.3 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students would describe their grades in school in the past 12 months as mostly A’s and B’s	56.3%	66.8%
2016 ACS	21.7 percent of Native Hawaiians are enrolled in high school (grades 9-12)	21.7%	19.0%
2016 ACS	19.7 percent of Native Hawaiians are enrolled in college or graduate school	19.7%	30.1%
2015 YTS	26.3 percent of Native Hawaiian public high school students receive more than $50 spending money per week	26.3%	25.5%
2015 OYS	69.0 percent of admissions to the Hawaii Youth Correctional Facility were Native Hawaiian	69.0% (Native Hawaiian)	31.0% (Non Hawaiian)
2014 CIH	30.8 percent of juveniles arrested for Index Crime Offenses were Native Hawaiian	30.8% (Native Hawaiian)	69.2% (Non Hawaiian)
2014 CIH	32.8 percent of juveniles arrested for Part II Offenses were Native Hawaiian	32.8% (Native Hawaiian)	67.2% (Non Hawaiian)

Healthy Adults (Mākua)

Data Year	Health Measure	Native Hawaiian	State of Hawai‘i	Trend Table	Trend Graph
Reported Mākua Health Conditions
2014 BRFSS	6.7 percent of Native Hawaiian adults have been diagnosed with some type of cancer	6.7%	9.3%
2014 BRFSS	5.4 percent of Native Hawaiian adults have been diagnosed with some kind of kidney disease	5.4%	4.2%
2014 BRFSS	21.1 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have been diagnosed with some form of arthritis	21.1%	20.7%
2014 BRFSS	12.8 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have been diagnosed with diabetes	12.8%	9.7%
2014 BRFSS	4.8 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have had a heart attack	4.8%	3.1%
2014 BRFSS	4.2 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have coronary heart disease	4.2%	3.4%
2014 BRFSS	3.7 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have had a stroke	3.7%	3.1%
2013 BRFSS	32.3 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have high cholesterol	32.3%	34.9%
2013 BRFSS	29.7 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have high blood pressure	29.7%	28.5%
2014 BRFSS	28.4 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have been diagnosed with asthma	28.4%	16.2%
2014 BRFSS	23.7 percent of Native Hawaiians adults live with at least one disability	23.7%	16.4%
2016 ACS	9.9 percent of Native Hawaiian civilian noninstitutionalized population 18 to 64 years reported a disability	9.9%	7.9%
2014 BRFSS	19.6 percent of Native Hawaiians have health that is fair or poor	19.6%	14.5%
2013 BRFSS	7.5 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have experienced rape or attempted rape	7.5%	5.8%
2013 BRFSS	12.6 percent of Native Hawaiians adults have experienced physical abuse by a current or former intimate partner	12.6%	9.5%
2014 BRFSS	52.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adults aged 45 or older have been injured as a result of an accidental fall within the past 12 months	52.0%	35.2%
2014 BRFSS	38.7 percent of Native Hawaiian adults are obese (BMI>=30)	38.7%	22.1%
2014 BRFSS	37.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adults are overweight (25<= BMI< 30)	37.0%	36.0%
2014 BRFSS	75.7 percent of Native Hawaiian adults are overweight or obese	75.7%	58.1%
2014 BRFSS	10.5 percent of Native Hawaiian adults whose mental health was not good on 14 or more days of the past 30 days	10.5%	8.4%
2014 BRFSS	20.2 percent of Native Hawaiian adults whose mental health was not good on 6 or more days of the past 30 days	20.2%	13.0%
2014 BRFSS	15.8 percent of Native Hawaiian adults have been diagnosed with a depressive disorder	15.8%	10.7%
Modifiable Mākua Risk Behaviors
2014 BRFSS	85.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women aged 40 and older ever had a clinical breast exam	85.5%	84.5%
2014 BRFSS	54.1 percent of Native Hawaiian women aged 40 and older have had a clinical breast exam within the past year	54.1%	55.2%
2014 BRFSS	92.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women aged 40 and older ever had a mammogram	92.5%	93.5%
2014 BRFSS	79.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women aged 40 and older have had a mammogram within the past 2 years	79.5%	78.8%
2014 BRFSS	84.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women ever had a pap smear	84.5%	83.7%
2014 BRFSS	70.7 percent of Native Hawaiian women have had a pap smear within the past 3 years	70.7%	69.0%
2014 BRFSS	60.4 percent of Native Hawaiians ages 50-75 have had a blood stool test in the past year, sigmoidoscopy in the past 5 years and blood stool test in the past 3 years, or a colonoscopy in the past 10 years	60.4%	66.5%
2014 BRFSS	58.9 percent of Native Hawaiians aged 50 and older had a sigmoidoscopy or a colonoscopy	58.9%	65.7%
2014 BRFSS	39.4 percent of Native Hawaiians aged 50 and older had a blood stool test using a home kit	39.4%	45.2%
2014 BRFSS	27.3 percent of Native Hawaiian men aged 40 and older ever had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test	27.3%	46.0%
2014 BRFSS	22.4 percent of Native Hawaiian men aged 40 and older have had a PSA test within the past 2 years	22.4%	35.4%
2014 BRFSS	29.5 percent of Native Hawaiian ever had a pneumonia shot	29.5%	31.6%
2014 BRFSS	38.5 percent of Native Hawaiian adults ages 18-64 have had a flu shot or spray in the past 12 months	38.5%	40.3%
2014 BRFSS	27.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adults are current smokers	27.0%	14.1%
2014 BRFSS	6.5 percent of Native Hawaiian adults recently stopped smoking (within the last 6 months to a year)	6.5%	9.0%
2012 BRFSS	17.3 percent of Native Hawaiian adult non-smokers were exposed to secondhand smoke within their home within the past week	17.3%	7.7%
2014 BRFSS	48.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adults have had at least one drink of alcohol within the past 30 days	48.0%	51.0%
2014 BRFSS	10.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adults are heavy drinkers of alcohol (men having >2 drinks per day, women having >1 drink per day)	10.0%	7.9%
2014 BRFSS	30.2 percent of Native Hawaiian adults are binge drinkers of alcohol (men having five or more drinks on one occasion and women having four or more drinks on one occasion)	30.2%	19.7%
2014 BRFSS	30.8 percent of Native Hawaiian adults are heavy or binge drinkers (men having >2 drinks per day, women having >1 drink per day)	30.8%	21.1%
2014 BRFSS	7.7 percent of Native Hawaiian adults drink and drive	7.7%	4.1%
2012 BRFSS	5.4 percent of Native Hawaiian adults ages18-64 participate in high HIV risk situations	5.4%	3.9%
2014 BRFSS	62.3 percent of Native Hawaiian adults have visited a dentist in the past year	62.3%	71.6%
2013 BRFSS	20.2 percent of Native Hawaiian adults consume fruits and vegetables a total of 5 or more times per day	20.2%	18.1%
2014 BRFSS	81.2 percent of Native Hawaiian adults participated in leisure time physical exercise during the past month	81.2%	80.4%
Mākua Mortality
2015 VS	36.9 percent of deaths of resident adults 20-29 years of age were Native Hawaiian	52 deaths	141 deaths
2015 VS	31.0 percent of deaths of resident adults 30-39 years of age were Native Hawaiian	54 deaths	174 deaths
2015 VS	27.9 percent of deaths of resident adults 40-49 years of age were Native Hawaiian	100 deaths	358 deaths
2015 VS	27.7 percent of deaths of resident adults 50-59 years of age were Native Hawaiian	271 deaths	977 deaths
Social Determinants of Health
2014 BRFSS	84.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adults have an ongoing source of primary health care	84.0%	84.7%
2014 BRFSS	92.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adults ages 18-64 have any kind of health care coverage, including health insurance, prepaid plans such as HMOs, or government plans	92.0%	90.2%
2014 BRFSS	19.9 percent of Native Hawaiian adults have one (or more) person(s) they think of as their personal doctor or health care provider	19.9 %	21.2 %
2014 BRFSS	10.9 percent of Native Hawaiian adults needed to see a doctor but could not because of the cost within the past 12 months	10.9%	8.7%
2016 ACS	11.0 percent of Native Hawaiians ages 18-64 years live in poverty	11.0%	9.1%
2016 ACS	Native Hawaiians unemployment rate in the civilian labor force (6.4 percent)	6.4%	4.4%
2016 ACS	Native Hawaiian female unemployment rate in the civilian labor force (5.1 percent)	5.1%	4.4%
2016 ACS	92.6 percent of Native Hawaiians aged 25 years and over are a high school graduate or higher	92.6%	92.0%
2016 ACS	16.8 percent of Native Hawaiians aged 25 years and over have a bachelor’s degree or higher	16.8%	31.9%
2016 ACS	18.4 percent of Native Hawaiian households are headed by a female householder, no husband present	18.4%	11.7%
2014 BRFSS	10.9 percent of Native Hawaiians served on active duty in the US Armed Forces	10.9%	15.5%
2014 CIH	31.1 percent of adults arrested for Index Offenses were Native Hawaiian	31.1% (Native Hawaiian)	68.9% (Non Hawaiian)
2014 CIH	26.9 percent of adults arrested for Part II Offenses were Native Hawaiian	26.9% (Native Hawaiian)	73.1% (Non Hawaiian)

Healthy Aging (Kūpuna)

Data Year	Health Measure	Native Hawaiian	State of Hawai‘i	Trend Table	Trend Graph
Reported Kūpuna Health Conditions
2011 BRFSS	4.0 percent of Native Hawaiian adult men aged 40 and older have ever had prostate cancer	4.0%	3.5%
2016 ACS	39.8 percent of Native Hawaiian civilian noninstitutionalized population 65 years and over with a reported disability	39.8%	34.3%
Modifiable Kūpuna Risk Behaviors
2014 BRFSS	85.5 percent of Native Hawaiian adult women aged 40 and older have ever had a clinical breast exam	85.5%	84.5%
2014 BRFSS	92.5 percent of Native Hawaiian women aged 40 and older have had a mammogram	92.5%	93.5%
2014 BRFSS	85.1 percent of Native Hawaiian women aged 50 and older have had a mammogram within the past two years	85.1%	81.2%
2014 BRFSS	27.3 percent of Native Hawaiian men aged 40 and older have ever had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test	27.3%	46.0%
2014 BRFSS	60.4 percent of Native Hawaiian adults aged 50-75 have had a colorectal screening	60.4%	66.5%
2014 BRFSS	60.5 percent of Native Hawaiian adults aged 65 and older have had a flu shot or spray in the past 12 months	60.5%	65.5%
2014 BRFSS	55.3 percent of Native Hawaiian adults aged 65 and older have ever had a pneumonia shot	55.3%	64.6%
2014 BRFSS	30.6 percent of Native Hawaiian men aged 65 and older reported flu shot in past year, pneumonia vaccination ever and either a colonoscopy/ sigmoidoscopy in 10 years or fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in past year	30.6%	37.8%
2014 BRFSS	27.6 percent of Native Hawaiian adult women 65 and over reporting flu shot in past year, pneumonia vaccination ever and either a colonoscopy/ sigmoidoscopy in 10 years or fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in past year plus a mammogram in past 2 years	27.6%	38.3%
Kūpuna Mortality
2015 VS	13.1 percent of deaths of resident adults 65 years and over were Native Hawaiian	1,077 deaths	8,205 deaths
Social Determinants of Health
2016 ACS	9.0 percent of Native Hawaiians 65 years and over live in poverty	9.0%	8.9%
2016 ACS	32.6 percent of Native Hawaiians have Social Security income	32.6%	35.8%
2016 ACS	20.6 percent of Native Hawaiians have retirement income	20.6%	23.6%
2016 ACS	8.2 percent of Native Hawaiians living with grandchild(ren)	8.2%	6.2%
2016 ACS	36.6 percent of Native Hawaiians living with grandchild(ren) are responsible for grandchild(ren)	36.6%	24.0%

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